& Allim sativum, Silybum marianum, Mordica charantia, Camellia sinensis, Morus nigra, Gymnema sylvestre L., Ginkgo biloba L., and many others. Among these plants: Trigonella foenum, graecum, Allium cepa. Several reviews published in recent years screen many plant sources with anti-diabetic properties. Pharmaceutical research conducted over the past decades has shown that natural sources like herbs, medicinal plants and yeast extract, are potential sources for new drug candidates for many diseases in general, and diabetes in particular. As a result of the global epidemic of diabetes, the need for new diabetes therapies is expected to grow dramatically during the next years. Only half of the patients achieve the recommended hemoglobin A1c target using conventional treatment. The medications currently in use are limited in their potency, have many side effects, and cannot be tolerated by many patients. About 40% of type 2 diabetics use insulin in addition to oral drugs.Īlthough the pathogenesis of diabetes and its long-term complications are well known, optimal treatment remains elusive. The treatment for type 2 ranges from diet, to classical oral drugs (Sulfonyl urea and biguanides), and to Thiazolidinediones and the new GLP1 analogues. This leads to oxidative stress and to the development of diabetes complications.ĭaily injections of insulin are the only treatment for type 1 diabetes. It was shown that the activity of the antioxidant systems is decreased in diabetic patients. The natural protective system of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase that provides the detoxification steps for the oxidative products, cannot overcome massive production of free radicals to prevent oxidative damage. These Major changes in lipid metabolism cause lipid peroxidation in plasma and cellular membranes which lead to micro and macro vascular pathologies. Lipid peroxide levels, and especially oxidized LDL, are significantly higher in diabetic patients than in healthy individuals. OFRs react with membrane phospholipids forming malondialdehyde (MDA). through auto oxidation of glucose Hunt et al., 1990, and also by non enzymatic lipid and protein glycation. During diabetes, persistent high concentrations of blood glucose increase the production of oxygen free radicals – OFRs. Oxidative stress and non enzymatic glycation play a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. The mechanism of action of GTF along insulin signaling pathway was also studied.Ĥ. We also examined GTF effects on the cellular level and found high insulin mimetic and insulin potentiating activity for GTF. We examined GTF effects in animal models for both types of diabetes, and found high and rapid anti diabetic activity. Our laboratory succeeded in extraction and partial purification of an active and stable GTF preparation from brewer’s yeast. ĭespite the high anti diabetic activity of this natural compound, GTF has not been fully characterized or identified, mainly due to the instability of the purified fractions. An increase in glucose incorporation into glycogen in rat hepatocytes was also found for GTF preparations. In vitro studies with GTF showed remarkable increase in glucose transport into adipocytes, and cardiomyocytes. GTF reversed the impaired glucose tolerance of both diabetic rats and diabetic patients. The Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF) is a dietary agent first extracted from Brewer’s yeast. Although some of them have been studied for their anti diabetic effects, the knowledge on their efficacy and mechanism of action is very limited. A research aimed at revealing new natural sources to treat diabetes is of high importance.Ī variety of traditional anti diabetic plants are known in the folk medicine. During the recent years many investigators have shown that natural products are a potential source for new drug candidates for many diseases in general, and diabetes in particular. Materials that mimic insulin action or augment the effect of residual endogenous insulin are likely to be beneficial for both type 1 and 2 diabetic patients. An intense research has been conducted to identify new therapeutic targets and pharmacologic compounds that might correct the impaired glucose tolerance. As a result of the global epidemic of diabetes, the need for new diabetes therapies is expected to grow dramatically during the next decade. Diabetes is the world’s most common metabolic disease and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |